Python Idioms for Beginners
or “If the developers write it, then it must be good”

There should be one — and preferably only one — obvious way to do it.
PEP 20, The Zen of Python, Line 13

An oft-quoted phrase, central to our understanding of what good and idiomatic Python code should be, this is often thrown around on forums, Q&A sites, code reviews, instructions on Catholic liturgical practice before 1969, etc..

Unfortunately, far too often the next line of this almost sacred verse is omitted: “Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.”

It appears that many people on the internet do not know what this means: therefore, in order to eliminate this confusion I have collected several examples of code fragments from within the CPython source code which demonstrate exactly what obvious should mean; after all, surely any code which doesn't conform to this standard would never make it into the codebase?

How to check which operating system you're on

/configure:39-72

# Printing a long string crashes Solaris 7 /usr/bin/printf. as_echo='\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' as_echo=$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo as_echo=$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo # Prefer a ksh shell builtin over an external printf program on Solaris, # but without wasting forks for bash or zsh. if test -z "$BASH_VERSION$ZSH_VERSION" \ && (test "X`print -r -- $as_echo`" = "X$as_echo") 2>/dev/null; then as_echo='print -r --' as_echo_n='print -rn --' elif (test "X`printf %s $as_echo`" = "X$as_echo") 2>/dev/null; then as_echo='printf %s\n' as_echo_n='printf %s' else if test "X`(/usr/ucb/echo -n -n $as_echo) 2>/dev/null`" = "X-n $as_echo"; then as_echo_body='eval /usr/ucb/echo -n "$1$as_nl"' as_echo_n='/usr/ucb/echo -n' else as_echo_body='eval expr "X$1" : "X\\(.*\\)"' as_echo_n_body='eval arg=$1; case $arg in #( *"$as_nl"*) expr "X$arg" : "X\\(.*\\)$as_nl"; arg=`expr "X$arg" : ".*$as_nl\\(.*\\)"`;; esac; expr "X$arg" : "X\\(.*\\)" | tr -d "$as_nl" ' export as_echo_n_body as_echo_n='sh -c $as_echo_n_body as_echo' fi export as_echo_body as_echo='sh -c $as_echo_body as_echo' fi

Python's parser is as simple as its syntax

/Lib/codeop.py:13-35

Approach: First, check if the source consists entirely of blank lines and comments; if so, replace it with 'pass', because the built-in parser doesn't always do the right thing for these. Compile three times: as is, with \n, and with \n\n appended. If it compiles as is, it's complete. If it compiles with one \n appended, we expect more. If it doesn't compile either way, we compare the error we get when compiling with \n or \n\n appended. If the errors are the same, the code is broken. But if the errors are different, we expect more. Not intuitive; not even guaranteed to hold in future releases; but this matches the compiler's behavior from Python 1.4 through 2.2, at least. Caveat: It is possible (but not likely) that the parser stops parsing with a successful outcome before reaching the end of the source; in this case, trailing symbols may be ignored instead of causing an error. For example, a backslash followed by two newlines may be followed by arbitrary garbage. This will be fixed once the API for the parser is better.